Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pad Raw Material Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Materials

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The quality and comfort of these products largely depend on the raw materials used in their production. Understanding the composition and properties of sanitary pad materials helps consumers make informed choices and manufacturers improve product quality.

## Core Components of Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Nonwoven polypropylene or polyethylene
– Perforated plastic films
– Cotton or bamboo fiber blends

Properties:
– Soft and comfortable
– Quick-drying
– Hypoallergenic
– Allows liquid to pass through quickly

### 2. Absorbent Core

The absorbent core is the most crucial part of a sanitary pad, responsible for fluid retention. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)
– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Cotton or rayon fibers
– Airlaid paper

Properties:
– High absorption capacity
– Good retention under pressure
– Rapid liquid distribution
– Odor control capabilities

### 3. Back Sheet (Barrier Layer)

The back sheet prevents leakage and keeps moisture from reaching clothing. Materials include:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous films
– Nonwoven fabric composites

Properties:
– Liquid-proof
– Flexible and durable
– Some offer breathability
– Prevents reverse flow

## Additional Components

### 4. Adhesive Layer

– Pressure-sensitive adhesives for panty attachment
– Hot melt adhesives for layer bonding

Properties:
– Strong enough to stay in place
– Leaves no residue on clothing
– Skin-friendly formulation

### 5. Release Paper

– Silicon-coated paper or plastic film
– Protects adhesive before use

## Specialized Materials in Premium Pads

### 1. Organic Cotton

– Grown without synthetic pesticides
– Unbleached and undyed
– Naturally hypoallergenic

### 2. Bamboo Fiber

– Naturally antibacterial
– Highly absorbent
– Sustainable and biodegradable

### 3. Charcoal-Infused Layers

– Natural odor control
– Antibacterial properties
– May help regulate temperature

## Material Safety Considerations

Manufacturers must ensure all materials:

– Are free from harmful chemicals like dioxins
– Meet international safety standards
– Undergo dermatological testing
– Don’t contain known allergens

## Environmental Impact of Materials

Traditional sanitary pads contain plastics that take centuries to decompose. Eco-friendly alternatives include:

– Biodegradable top sheets
– Plant-based adhesives
– Compostable back sheets
– Organic absorbent materials

## Conclusion

The composition of sanitary pad raw materials directly affects product performance, comfort, and safety. As consumer awareness grows, manufacturers are increasingly focusing on developing more sustainable, skin-friendly materials without compromising functionality. Understanding these materials helps women choose products that best suit their needs while considering health and environmental impacts.