June 29, 2025 By 0

Sanitary Pad Raw Materials: Composition and Properties

# Sanitary Pad Raw Materials: Composition and Properties

## Introduction to Sanitary Pad Components

Sanitary pads are essential feminine hygiene products designed to absorb menstrual flow. The effectiveness and comfort of these products depend heavily on the quality and composition of their raw materials. Modern sanitary pads consist of multiple layers, each serving a specific purpose in absorption, protection, and comfort.

## Core Materials in Sanitary Pads

### 1. Top Sheet (Cover Layer)

The top sheet is the layer that comes in direct contact with the skin. It’s typically made from:

– Non-woven polypropylene
– Perforated plastic film
– Cotton-like materials

Key properties include:
– Softness for comfort
– Quick-drying surface
– Breathability
– Hypoallergenic qualities

### 2. Absorbent Core

This is the most crucial layer responsible for fluid absorption. Common materials include:

– Fluff pulp (wood cellulose)

– Superabsorbent polymers (SAP)
– Combination of both

SAP can absorb many times its weight in liquid, making modern pads thinner yet more effective than older designs.

### 3. Back Sheet (Barrier Layer)

The back sheet prevents leakage and is usually made from:

– Polyethylene film
– Breathable microporous film
– Biodegradable materials in eco-friendly options

This layer must be:
– Liquid-proof
– Flexible
– Quiet (no crinkling sound)

### 4. Adhesive Components

Sanitary pads include several adhesive elements:

– Pressure-sensitive adhesive for attachment to underwear
– Hot melt adhesive for bonding layers
– Release paper for protecting the adhesive before use

## Specialized Materials in Premium Pads

### 1. Odor Control Agents

Many premium pads incorporate:

– Activated charcoal
– Baking soda
– Special polymers that neutralize odor molecules

### 2. Wetness Indicators

Some products feature:

– Color-changing strips
– pH-sensitive dyes
– Moisture sensors

### 3. Cooling or Heating Elements

Innovative pads may include:

– Menthol-infused layers
– Heat-generating materials
– Aloe vera or other soothing compounds

## Environmental Considerations

Recent developments focus on sustainable materials:

– Organic cotton topsheets
– Biodegradable backsheets
– Plant-based SAP alternatives
– Compostable packaging

Manufacturers are increasingly balancing performance with environmental responsibility in material selection.

## Quality and Safety Standards

All sanitary pad materials must meet strict regulations:

– FDA approval for direct skin contact
– Absence of harmful chemicals (dioxins, chlorine, etc.)
– Dermatologically tested
– Hypoallergenic formulations

The composition continues to evolve with technological advancements, offering better protection, comfort, and environmental sustainability with each generation of products.